21^st World Congress on Pediatric Oncology and Cancer Care September 16-17, 2019 Tokyo Japan

Leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells. Blood cells and platelets are produced in the bone marrow of the individual. In leukemia, some new white blood cells (leukocytes) fail to mature properly. These immature white blood cells continue to reproduce at a rapid rate, crowding out healthy cells, and producing a host of symptoms. It is the most common cancer in children and teens. It affects almost one in three with cancer. It is usually described either as “acute”, which grows quickly, or “chronic”, which grows slowly. Most childhood leukemias are acute lymphocytic leukemia  (ALL), it is a type of white blood cells which fights against infection. On the other hand, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is cancer of the blood in which too many myeloblasts, immature white blood cells, are produced in the bone marrow. Chronic leukemia’s are rare in children. Chronic myeloid leukemia  (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are mainly two types of chronic leukemia.

Neonatology is the branch of medicine concerned with the development, care, and diseases of a newborn infant, especially the premature or ill infant. It is vital that the premature infants are should have been taken in an emergency unit. The patients of neonatologists are newborns who suffer from prematurity, low birth, weight, congenital malformations (birth defects, intrauterine growth retardation), cardiac disorders, sepsis, pulmonary hypoplasia, etc.Pediatrics is a term that deals with biological, environmental, and social influences the reducing the death rates of the infants and children and control the spreading of diseases which are pediatric infectious diseases which will be promoting the healthy life form vast diseases-free life to bring out the problems of children and adolescents

Clinical pediatrics investigates about patterns on pediatric medicine for the human services of new-born children, youngsters, and youths through the investigation of pediatric maladies, analysis, treatment and administration. Clinical pediatrics is a therapeutic diary that take after to distribute and to accessible data on a difference in tyke focus mind themes alongside those of a clinical, logical, conduct, instructive, or moral nature. Clinical pediatrics sensitivity is additionally a standout amongst the most essential and generally contemplated regions in novel research of this field. Introductory location of disease in kids additionally is taking prior consideration in clinical pediatrics malignancy. This additionally advances fundamental, transnational and clinical sciences on all territories of pediatric research in all sub specialties

Pediatric & Neonatal Radiology deals with the imaging of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. A medical practitioner who specializes in this field is known as Pediatric Radiologist. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), a type of external beam radiation therapy, is the most commonly used approach for pediatric patients. This technology can precisely target a cancer cell, which reduces the radiation, delivered to the nearby normal tissue and minimizes side effects. X-rays, CT scanning, MRI scanning, Ultrasound and other radiological techniques are used for diagnosis and treatment purposes

Inclusive studies about pediatric cancer give traces to cancer etiology, enable prevention and early diagnosis, recognize biologic changes, improve survival rates in low‐income countries (LIC) by enabling quality development initiatives, and increase outcomes in high‐income countries (HIC) through studies of tumor biology and collaborative clinical trials. Classification of Pediatric Cancer, 34% of leukemias, 23% of brain tumors, and 12% of lymphomas, represent the largest diagnostic groups among the below 15-year-old or children and infants

Surgical oncology is a field that deals with the surgical treatment of a variety of tumors especially cancerous tumors. The aim of the surgical oncologist is to remove the cancer and an area of healthy tissue adjacent to it, also known as a clear excision or clear margin, to avoid the cancer from repeated occurrence in that area. Pediatric surgery has an important role in treating most infants, children, and adolescent cancers. It is defined as the operative, postoperative, and diagnostic surgical care of patients from prenatal diagnosis through adolescence with inherited and acquired abnormalities and syndromes. A pediatric specialist is known as a pediatric surgeon in this field. It is divided into various types of expertise. Prenatal surgery, it deals with a fetus or unborn child. The other type of expertise in this field is neonatal surgery, which deals with infants. The objective of surgical oncology is to physically eliminate as much of the tumor as safely possible.

The most widely used therapies for cancer treatment in children include Chemotherapy (To kill cancer cells drugs are used), Radiation (use of radiant energy or particles to kill cancer cells), and Surgery (to abolish cancerous cells or tumors). The type of treatment needed depends on the child's age and on the type and severity of cancer. Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to destroy remaining cancer cells in the body. A child or teen is generally given the chemotherapy drugs intravenously (through a vein) or orally (by mouth). Radiation therapy is the use of high energy X-rays or other particles such as photons that destroy or damage cancer cells in parts of the body to which cancer has spread. Immunotherapy is designed to boost the body’s natural defenses to fight against the foreign invader or cancer. Also, Bone marrow transplantation is a technique used for the treatment of cancer by producing blood cells for the growth and development

Pharmacotherapy (Drug Therapy) can be explained as the term used to define the use of medication to treat a disease It is the therapy which uses pharmaceutical drugs as distinguished from therapy using radiation, movement, surgery or other modes. Pharmacists/pharmacologists are specialists in pharmacotherapy and these are responsible for certifying the safe, suitable, and cost-effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. Pediatric Pharmacotherapy mainly concentrates on the unique therapeutic desires of neonates, infants, children, and adolescents

Neuro-oncology deals with the study of spinal cord and brain neoplasms, many of which are very dangerous and life-threatening. It is a Subdivision of medicine that deals with all tumors of the brain and spinal cord, such as glioma, astrocytoma, glioblastoma and ependymoma. The Neuro-Oncology department provides advanced treatment for patients with cancers of the brain and nervous system. Pediatric Neuro-oncology is presently a vibrant field of research. as brain tumors have become the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children

A person who has had cancer is commonly called a cancer survivor. Cancer survivorship has at least two common meanings: having no signs of cancer after treatment is finished. Another one is a person living with cancer or starts diagnosis. There are three phases of survivorship – acute survivorship (cancer treatment is the focus), extended survivorship (effects of cancer and treatment are the focus), and permanent survivorship (long-term effects of cancer and treatment are the focus).

The diagnosis of infant cancer can be influenced by many factors and depends on the symptoms a child or adolescent may be suffering. If cancer has spread to another part of the body from where it originated, it is known as metastasis. To perform diagnostic tests there are many diagnoses which are Biopsy and bone marrow aspiration, Blood tests, CT scan (computed tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), PET-CT scan (positron emission tomography), Lumbar puncture (spinal tap), Ultrasound, and X-rays.

An adequate nutrition during cancer plays a significant role in numerous medical outcome measures, such as treatment response, cost of care, and quality of life. Nutrition is relevant to all components of cancer control including epidemiology, prevention, treatment, supportive care, diagnosis, rehabilitation, and survivorship. Nutrition is important for the health of all children, but it is mainly important for children getting cancer treatment. Eating the right kinds of foods before, during, and after treatment can help a child to stay healthy and strong. The main objective of nutrition care for pediatric cancer patients is to achieve normal growth, development, prevent problems, and normal activities

Pediatric & Neonatal Immunology is a branch of pediatrics which deals with immunological or allergic disorders of neonate’s, infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatric Immunology plays important role in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the immune system and it has seriously involved in the development of new diagnostic tests, treatment, and prevention. There are numerous types of organs in our body which plays a vital role in immunological functions. Some of the organs include thymus, bone marrow, spleen, and tonsils.

Pulmonology is a branch of medicine deals with the study of diseases concerning respiratory tract. Pulmonary medicine emphases on the diagnosis, prevention, causes, and treatment of illnesses affecting the lungs. The Pediatric Pulmonary Division offers extensive diagnostic and clinical services to infants, adolescents and children with acute and chronic respiratory disorders.